机械式模拟运输台仿真研究

模拟运输振动试验台作为一种机械式随机振动模拟器,能够较好地再现汽车运输振动环境。针对模拟运输台在调试、使用时具有一定盲目性的问题,进行了运动学仿真。仿真结果与实测数据吻合良好,验证了模型建立的正确性,调整模拟运输台上可变参数进行一系列的仿真,总结这些参数对于最终结果影响的规律。仿真结果表明,模拟运输台的台面振动由系统自激振动和凸轮带动台面强迫振动复合而成;台面上功率谱密度的第一主峰主要和系统的自激振动有关,第二主峰主要和凸轮带动台面的强迫振动有关。     

电路板的高加速应力筛选仿真设计技术研究

针对某型电路板高加速应力筛选剖面设计中耗费大量人力物力的实际情况,结合目前计算机辅助及仿真技术所具有的成本低、周期短、精度高等特点,将高加速应力筛选及计算机仿真技术融合,提出了运用计算机仿真手段来研究产品的高加速应力筛选剖面的方法及基本思路。对剩余有效寿命的预计、缺陷影响以及应力影响等方面进行了研究分析。从而在高加速应力筛选剖面设计信息量的扩充、成本的节省、周期的缩短等方面起到了一定的促进作用。     

搭接结构件腐蚀疲劳试验技术

腐蚀疲劳试验是评估腐蚀环境对结构件疲劳寿命影响的有效方法。从试验件设计、疲劳载荷谱加载方式、典型腐蚀环境的施加、试验数据的处理原则等方面对搭接结构件腐蚀疲劳试验技术进行了较全面的介绍。     

系统级产品环境试验与评估若干问题探讨

根据近年来系统级产品的典型问题,分析了系统级产品环境特点,提出了系统级产品环境问题的相关理论,具体给出了相应的试验设计思路、方法以及环境适应性评价方法。     

车辆高原环境模拟试验技术发展现状综述

由于高原环境对车辆性能影响的严酷性,现代车辆的高原环境适应性越来越受到重视,推动了车辆高原环境模拟试验技术的快速发展。阐述了车辆高原环境模拟试验技术的基本内涵,以及车辆高原环境适应性试验的类型、特点和试验项目等,分析了国内外高原环境模拟试验技术研究与发展概况。以某型车辆高原环境实验室为例,详细介绍了车辆高原环境实验室的结构、功能及原理。     

GJB 150.3A高温试验方法的应用及分析

介绍了GJB150．3A高温试验方法的由来以及与GJB150．3之间的联系和区别。重点对该方法中试验项目的剪裁、试验程序的选择、试验条件的确定以及试验顺序的安排进行了分析,并以某型直升机机栽天线为例,详细说明了该试验方法的应用,最后就其未来发展趋势进行了探讨。     

装备环境适应性评价

环境适应性评价是装备环境工程工作的重要内容。简要分析了我国装备环境适应性评价工作的现状,介绍了装备环境适应性评价的内容、原则,以及装备环境适应性评价的程序,介绍了装备环境适应性评价的主要方法,包括直接评价法、相似产品法、相关性评价法、试验评价法和长期监测法。最后指出装备环境适应性基础数据对装备环境适应性评价的重要作用,建议通过自然环境试验或长期监测的方法获取装备环境适应性基础数据。     

某涡轮风扇发动机试车台的声环境研究

涡轮风扇发动机试车台空气流量大,试车噪声呈宽带强噪声,其中突出的低频域噪声可远距离传播,易造成大范围的环境污染。为掌握某型涡轮风扇发动机在室内试车时的噪声特性,并检验试车台建筑物和各项降噪设备的效果,我们对新建试车台的声环境进行了测量。通过对该试车台内、外环境噪声数据的分析,表明新建试车台的声环境满足了我国有关规范的要求。本次研究工作对今后试车台的声学设计具有重要的借鉴意义。     

Sustainable cities: do political factors determine the quality of life?

The implementation of urban sustainability practices is affected by political obstacles, and diverse political ideologies may defend different city models. Sustainable policy design could also be affected by several factors that cause the deflection of resources initially allocated to other groups that are contrary to the concerns pursued and have the power to veto sustainable plans by exerting pressure on the party in power.In this sense, the aim of this paper is to show the impact that political factors have on cities’ sustainability, and the effect of both on cities’ economic development. To do so, we used the 78 Spanish cities with a population over 100,000 studied by MERCO (Spanish Corporate Reputation Monitor) as regards their levels of sustainability for the fiscal years 2008 and 2009. Both relationships have been tested empirically through two dependence models using linear regression techniques.The results obtained show that political competition improves cities’ sustainability, while a leftist ideology has an inverse impact. On the other hand, a significant direct relationship has been observed between urban sustainability and municipal economic activity.     

Risk assessment of Giardia in rivers of southern China based on continuous monitoring

The occurrence and risks of Giardia in China have been unclear to date, which has made it difficult to properly manage source water as well as to create reasonable drinking water standards. The levels of Giardia in river networks of several cities in Zhejiang Province, China were found to be in the range of 0-5 oocysts/10 L in the rainy season in 2008. The mortality due to Giardia infection for people in this region was calculated to be from 0 to 1.95 × 10^-8 persons using a conditional probability equation. Based on multiple unboiled water intake routes, the disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) due to Giardia infection for people who consumed conventionally treated water was 0.625 (95% CI: 0.137-2.05) per 10⁵ persons, with the symptom of hospitalization making the highest contribution to total DALYs (0.56 per 10⁵ persons; 95% CI: 0.122-1.84). The DALYs decreased to 0.425 (95% CI: 0.137-2.05) per 10⁵ persons per year for those consuming water treated with advanced technology. These values were lower than the acceptable risk (1.97 × 10^-5 DALYs per year). This study revealed the risk of Giardia infection to the people in river networks of Zhejiang Province for the first time, and provides a method to evaluate the risk of Giardia infection. The results are useful for the modification of drinking water quality standards based on cost-benefit analysis.